The application of digital health to the assessment and treatment of substance use disorders: The past, current, and future role of the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network

Picture of Lisa A. Marsch
Lisa A. Marsch
Picture of Aimee Campbell
Aimee Campbell
Picture of Cynthia Campbell
Cynthia Campbell
Picture of Ching-Hua Chen
Ching-Hua Chen
Picture of Emre Ertin
Emre Ertin
Picture of Udi Ghitza
Udi Ghitza
Picture of Chantal Lambert-Harris
Chantal Lambert-Harris
Picture of Saeed Hassanpour
Saeed Hassanpour
Picture of August F. Holtyn
August F. Holtyn
Picture of Yih-Ing Hser
Yih-Ing Hser
Picture of Petra Jacobs
Petra Jacobs
Picture of Jeffrey D. Klausner
Jeffrey D. Klausner
Picture of Shea Lemley
Shea Lemley
Picture of David Kotz
David Kotz
Picture of Andrea Meier
Andrea Meier
Picture of Bethany McLeman
Bethany McLeman
Picture of Jennifer McNeely
Jennifer McNeely
Picture of Larissa Mooney
Larissa Mooney
Picture of Edward Nunes
Edward Nunes
Picture of Chrysovalantis Stafylis
Chrysovalantis Stafylis
Picture of Catherine Stanger
Catherine Stanger
Picture of Elizabeth Saunders
Elizabeth Saunders
Picture of Geetha Subramaniam
Geetha Subramaniam
Picture of Sean Young
Sean Young
Published at Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 2020

Abstract

The application of digital technologies to better assess, understand, and treat substance use disorders (SUDs) is a particularly promising and vibrant area of scientific research. The National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network (CTN), launched in 1999 by the U.S. National Institute on Drug Abuse, has supported a growing line of research that leverages digital technologies to glean new insights into SUDs and provide science-based therapeutic tools to a diverse array of persons with SUDs.
This manuscript provides an overview of the breadth and impact of research conducted in the realm of digital health within the CTN. This work has included the CTN's efforts to systematically embed digital screeners for SUDs into general medical settings to impact care models across the nation. This work has also included a pivotal multi-site clinical trial conducted on the CTN platform, whose data led to the very first “prescription digital therapeutic” authorized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of SUDs. Further CTN research includes the study of telehealth to increase capacity for science-based SUD treatment in rural and under-resourced communities. In addition, the CTN has supported an assessment of the feasibility of detecting cocaine-taking behavior via smartwatch sensing. And, the CTN has supported the conduct of clinical trials entirely online (including the recruitment of national and hard-to-reach/under-served participant samples online, with remote intervention delivery and data collection). Further, the CTN is supporting innovative work focused on the use of digital health technologies and data analytics to identify digital biomarkers and understand the clinical trajectories of individuals receiving medications for opioid use disorder (OUD).
This manuscript concludes by outlining the many potential future opportunities to leverage the unique national CTN research network to scale-up the science on digital health to examine optimal strategies to increase the reach of science-based SUD service delivery models both within and outside of healthcare.

Materials